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Learning Objectives

LO 1 Identify the kinds of behaviors managers need to motivate people

LO 2 List principles for setting goals that motivate employees

LO 3 Summarize how to reward good performance effectively

LO 4 Describe the key beliefs that affect peoples’ motivation

LO 5 Discuss ways in which people’s individual needs affect their behavior

LO 6 Define ways to create jobs that motivate

Motivation

Motivation Theories

1. Goal-setting theory
2. Reinforcement theory
3. Need theory
4. Human relations perspective
5. Work Design Theories
6. People’s Perception
7. Commitment and Motivation
8. Quality of Work Life Programs

1. Goal Setting Theory

2. Reinforcement Theory

3. Needs Theory

4. Human Relations Theory

Theory X:

 Negative perspective on human behaviour
 Employee is lazy
Managers must closely supervise Theory X
Create strict rules and defined rewards

Theory Y:

Positive perspective on human behaviour
 Employee is not lazy
Must create a work setting to built initiative
Delegate responsibilities to workers

5. Work Design Theories

Herzberg’sTwo-FactorTheory:

Hygiene factors – factors such as company policies, working conditions etc. that causes dissatisfaction.
 Motivators – Rewards etc. Given to employees

Hackman Oldham Model:

Job rotation – Changing from one routine task to another to alleviate boredom
Job enlargement- Giving people additional tasks at the same time to alleviate boredom.
Job enrichment – Making work more challenging

6. People’s Perception Theory

7. Commitment & Motivation

8. Quality of Work Life Programs

Tutorial: Group Discussion Questions

1. Imagine that you attend an interview session in a company to work as a department manager and the interviewer asked you the following question:

a. Tell me how will you be motivated working for our organisation in future. Create a scenario & choose 1 motivation theory and explain.

b. How you can motivate some of your future subordinates who currently have been working in the company for 4-8 years and are not performing according to what the company is expecting out of them. Create a scenario & choose 1 motivation theory and explain.

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