Guidelines:
Please identify a patient whose care involved the management of a psycho-social issue.
For example, the patient may not be fully aware of the relationship between their mental and emotional wellbeing and their physical health. Similarly, they may not fully understand (or choose to ignore) social/environmental factors that influence their healthcare (e.g. occupational or domestic).
Your reflection should consider how you/a member of the team:
- Identified the issue with the patient
- Considered the resources available for addressing it
- Identified/assessed ways in which it might be managed/treated/resolved (if possible)
Assessment might include consideration of the following (depending on the patient):
- Psychiatric, psychological and social functioning
- Risks posed to the individual and others
- Problems associated with co-morbidity
- Personal circumstances including family and/or other carers
- Housing, financial and occupational status etc.
Much of this information will be identified when taking social and family history.
Remember that you are assessing the needs of the patient and not your own clinical skills in this instance. You need to demonstrate that you have considered the patient holistically. If a resolution/plan is not possible, please explain why.
Finally, please ensure you include a range of evidence/literature to support your argument (not just web-sites).
THE REFLECTION MUST BE ANONYMYSED IN TERMS OF THE INDIVUDIALS INVOLVED (PATIENT/FAMILY/ STAFF) AND THE INSTITUTION/ ORGANISATION WHERE THE INTERACTION/EPISODE TOOK PLACE. FAILURE TO DO SO WIL RESULT IN AN AUTOMATIC FAIL.
Reflection is an important way to foster professional development since it helps to link practical/clinical experience with theoretical aspects of learning. It also helps to enhance self-awareness by reviewing both ‘what we know’ and where we need to focus for further development (personally and professionally). There are many ways to reflect including what Donald Schön (1983) describes as reflection in-action (real-time reflection on an event as it happens – immediate and unstructured) and reflection in-action (retrospective contemplation of an event – distance can provide greater perspective). For your assessment, it is probably best to use a model to structure your reflection. Some are very simple – e.g. What, So-what, Now-what (Rolfe et al, 2001).
What?
- …was my role in the situation?
- …was I trying to achieve?
- …actions did I take?
- …was the response of others?
- …were the consequences for myself/others?
- …was good/bad about the experience?
So-what?
- …does this tell me/teach me/ mean etc.
- …was going through my mind as I acted?
- …did I base my actions on?
- …other knowledge can I bring to the situation?
- …could/should I have done to make it better/more successful?
- …is my new understanding of the situation?
- …broader issues arise from the situation?
Now-what?
- …do I need to do in order to improve my professional practice etc.?
- …broader issues need to be considered if this action is to be successful?
- …might be the consequences of this action?
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